The U-value (thermal transmittance) of a building component such as a wall, roof, or window, measures its thermal conductivity or how easily heat can pass through it. The lower the U-value, the better the insulation. To calculate the U-value, you typically need to consider several factors, including the materials used, their thicknesses, and any air gaps. A general formula for calculating the U-value: U = 1 over R Where: U = U Value R = The total thermal resistance of the building component, including all layers of materials and air gaps. Use theKnauf U Value Calculator.